High speed cutting characteristics – low cutting force, low vibration frequency

The process of cutting formation is divided into two stages: extrusion plastic deformation and tearing. The plastic deformation of the workpiece due to cutting forces and cutting heat is mainly at this stage. It can be seen that the higher the cutting speed, the shorter the plastic deformation time, the narrower the shear deformation region, the larger the shear angle, the smaller the deformation factor, and the faster the chip flow rate (80% of the heat of cutting is accounted for by the heat in the chip). The smaller the heat input to the workpiece and the tool, the higher the speed of cutting can be, the average reduction of the cutting deformation rate is 30-40%, which is very suitable for the machining of poor rigidity and thin-walled parts.
From the dynamic analysis of frequency formation, it can be seen that the reduction of cutting force will reduce the amplitude of the vibration (ie, forced vibration) due to the cutting force. The increase of the rotational speed makes the working frequency of the cutting system away from the low-order natural frequency of the machine tool to avoid resonance. Therefore, high-speed cutting can greatly reduce the surface roughness and improve the quality of processing.

High speed cutting and environmental protection

With the enhancement of people’s environmental awareness and the setting of China’s green barriers against developed countries after the accession to the WTO, it is objectively required that mechanical products consume as little energy and pollute the environment as possible during manufacturing. Mechanical cutting (hereinafter abbreviated cutting) is the direct cause of energy consumption and environmental pollution in machinery manufacturing. Therefore, the concept of green cutting (green manufacturing) has been specifically proposed. The so-called green cutting is a cutting method that consumes as little tool material, cutting fluid, processing time, and power as possible, and pollutes the environment as little as possible to achieve a specific cutting purpose. Due to the characteristics of high-speed cutting, high-speed cutting can save cutting fluid, cutting tool materials, and cutting man-hours, thus saving natural resources, reducing environmental pollution, improving production efficiency and product quality, and achieving “green cutting”.

Commonly used coating materials

Commonly used coating materials are carbide, nitride, carbonitride, oxide, boride, silicide, diamond and composite coating dozens of eight categories. According to the characteristics of the chemical bonds, these coating materials can be classified into metal-bond type, covalent bond type and ion-bond type.